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German GCSE New

GCSE German: Holidays and Travel Revision Guide

Learn transport and holiday vocabulary and how to talk about past holidays using the perfect tense.

Key vocabulary

  • der Zug — the train
  • das Flugzeug — the plane
  • das Auto — the car
  • das Fahrrad — the bicycle
  • der Bus — the bus
  • das Land (die Länder) — the country/countries
  • Deutschland — Germany
  • Frankreich — France
  • Spanien — Spain
  • die Ferien — the holidays

Talking about transport

Use mit dem/der... to say how you travelled: Ich bin mit dem Auto gefahren. (I travelled by car.) Wir sind mit dem Zug gefahren. (We travelled by train.)

The perfect tense

The perfect tense is used to talk about the past and is formed with an auxiliary verb (haben or sein) plus a past participle at the end of the sentence. Most verbs use haben: Ich habe ein Eis gegessen. (I ate an ice cream.) Ich habe fotografiert. (I took photos.) Verbs of movement or change of state use sein: Ich bin nach Spanien gefahren. (I went to Spain.) Ich bin nach Deutschland geflogen. (I flew to Germany.)

Forming past participles

Regular verbs form the past participle with ge- at the start and -t at the end: machen → gemacht, spielen → gespielt. Irregular verbs often change their stem vowel: sehen → gesehen, gehen → gegangen, fahren → gefahren.

Common mistakes

  • Using "haben" with verbs of movement that actually need "sein", such as "fahren" and "gehen".
  • Forgetting to send the past participle to the very end of the sentence.
  • Mixing up "gefahren" (travelled/drove) with "geflogen" (flew).